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Research: Gangsters and militant Muslim anti-gangsters in South Africa’s Cape Flats

(photo, above: masked member of militant/terrorist anti-gang Muslim group PAGAD, below: the late Jackie Lonte, leader of a Cape Town gang known as The Ugly Americans)

Item 01 ”People Against Gangsterism and Drugs (PAGAD) was formed in 1996 as an Islamically-oriented, militant group in the Cape Flats area of Cape Town, South Africa. It claims to fight drugs and gangsterism but its members have been implicated in several criminal and terrorist acts.”

Item 02 1999 film on PAGAD and the Cape Town gangs, “The Gangster’s Enemy” (stills above from this film)

Item 03 ”Who’s who in Cape Town’s gangland.” Gang names include: The Americans (sometimes known as the Ugly Americans), the Hard Livings, the Sexy Boys, The Firm, and the Mongrels.

Item 04 ”From urban street gangs to criminal empires: The changing face of gangs in the Western Cape, June 2000”